ubuntu 16.04 `unable to mount location` - Ask Ubuntu

i've installed ubuntu 16.04. before installation, i've made backup of data (previous system ubuntu 14.04). after installation wanted copy files, i'm unable access it. disc doesn't appears in files (on left bar) under unity. under mate can see it, if try open it, there message unable mount location.

sudo fdisk -l output is:

disk /dev/sda: 298,1 gib, 320072933376 bytes, 625142448 sectors units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes i/o size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes disklabel type: dos disk identifier: 0x924cef05  device     boot     start       end   sectors   size id type /dev/sda1  *         2048 617050111 617048064 294,2g 83 linux /dev/sda2       617052158 625141759   8089602   3,9g  5 extended /dev/sda5       617052160 625141759   8089600   3,9g 82 linux swap / solaris  partition 2 not start on physical sector boundary.   disk /dev/sdb: 298,1 gib, 320072933376 bytes, 625142448 sectors units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes i/o size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes disklabel type: dos disk identifier: 0x000e1e9b  device     boot start       end   sectors   size id type /dev/sdb1        2048 625141759 625139712 298,1g 83 linux maria@maria-vostro-3360:/media$ sudo mount -t ntfs /dev/sdb1 /media/external 

i've created mounting point in /media named external

i've run sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /media/external

the output is:

 mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdb1,         missing codepage or helper program, or other error        in cases useful info found in syslog - try       dmesg | tail or so. 

i've tried mount -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 /media/external

output:

mount: special device /dev/sdb1 not exist maria@maria-vostro-3360:/media$  

is there other way should try access data?

update

i trying see disc in gparted. shows unknown file system , under details there following:

does mean disc got broken?

update 3

disk /dev/sdb - 320 gb / 298 gib - chs 38913 255 63      partition               start        end    size in sectors  d linux                    0  32 33 38913  70  5  625139712  d linux                 1215 170 44 38913  70  5  605612032  d linux                 1490 100 19 38913  70  5  601198592  d linux                19611 118 28 25015 239 56   86822912 

update

since seems problem not mounting damaged filesystem, i've asked new question regarding data recovery: data recovery - damaged filesystem.

you have 2 problems.

problem #1

on /dev/sda hard disk, partition sda2/sda5 not aligned. relatively easy fix, because it's swap partition.

 1. in gparted, can select sda5 , issue swapoff command 2. delete sda5, delete sda2 3. recreate fresh primary (not extended) swap partition, select new partition, , issue swapon command. 4. in terminal, type `sudo blkid` , note uuid of new swap partition. 5. still in terminal, edit `/etc/fstab` `gksudo gedit /etc/fstab` , find line contains word "swap", , change uuid new uuid. save file , quit gedit. 6. reboot system, , in terminal, issue `swapon` command confirm new swap partition working properly. 

problem #2

you need recover sdb1 partition, changing unknown ext4. it's best use testdisk.

 1. in terminal, type `sudo apt-get update` 2. in terminal, type `sudo apt-get install testdisk` 3. in terminal, type `sudo testdisk` 

you can learn more testdisk partition recovery visiting http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/testdisk_step_by_step.